Kale and Kant

Healthy Body. Healthy Mind

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Raising Ethical Children à la the Ancient Greeks

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Philosophy 101 bannerI am giving a local talk on this topic next month and have just started gathering thoughts. I got to thinking about it in earnest recently after a conversation with a mom who complained about her preteen son’s incessant lying: “He just looks me straight in the face and lies about anything and everything to get what he wants.” She was distraught, and had no idea why her son was like that when, she said, she and her husband tried their best to instill a sense of morals in their kids.

With her on my mind, I started jotting down some of Plato and Aristotle’s ideas on what morality is and how to cultivate it in children. . .

1. Morality is equally about doing best for oneself as it for doing well by others.

2. Virtue is as much about our feelings as our reason, and must be instilled by habituation to what Aristotle called “proper pleasures”—i.e., those that support ethical choices rather than undermine them. [Read more…]

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3 Ways to Think About the Afterlife

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1960s-David-childhood-4-Version-2-150x150As my mother-in-law passed away 11 years ago, my husband, standing beside her deathbed, experienced an inexplicable rush of energy from the room. He typically doesn’t go in for the mystical, but he was astonished. What can philosophy tell us about what happens at death?

Welcome to the intractable “mind-body problem.” Obviously if there is any sense to the idea of an afterlife, mind must be capable of existing on its own, separate from body. Let’s look at three scenarios.

1. Dualism. This view, going back to Plato but in its current guise the baby of René Descartes (“I think, therefore I am”), surmises that mind and body are different types of substances and thus completely distinct. For Descartes, bodies are spatial, unthinking, unfeeling substance; minds are unextended substance that both thinks and feels. Minds influence bodies, but how and why is up for debate.

This approach has been derided for understanding mind as the “ghost in the machine,” but it allows for the possibility that my husband may well have witnessed the actual separation of his mother’s mind or soul from her body.

[Read more…]